Marra’s life in the monastery is comfortable, but when she discovers just how cruel her brother-in-law is, she sets off on a quest to save her family – if the quest doesn’t kill her first. Both of her sisters have suffered that fate already, successively married off to a cruel prince of a larger kingdom.

All rights reserved.As the youngest daughter to the royal family of a small kingdom, Marra is tucked safely away in a monastery, to be kept in reserve in case she might one day need to be married off for political alliance. It may also be beneficial in preventing relapse after the expansion procedure.Ĭopyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Systemic administration of SN may be effective in accelerating new bone formation and reducing inflammation in the maxillary expansion procedure. The statistical analysis also showed that the numbers of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and capillaries were highest in the N+SN group.

New bone formation and the number of capillaries were significantly higher in the SN groups than in the other groups. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups in all histologic parameters except the ratio of intensities of inflammatory cells. A histologic evaluation was done to determine the number of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and capillaries, as well as the number and intensity of inflammatory cells and new bone formation. After the 5-day expansion period was completed, the rats in the OE, SN, and N+SN groups underwent 12days of mechanical retention, after which they were sacrificed, and their premaxilla were dissected and fixed. To determine whether systemically given stinging nettle (SN) has an effect on bone formation in response to expansion of the rat inter-premaxillary suture.Ī total of 28 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: control (C), only expansion (OE), SN extract given only during the expansion and retention periods (SN group a total of 17days), and SN extract given during the nursery phase before expansion (a period of 40days) and during the expansion and retention periods (N+SN group a total of 57days).

Nettle and bone